"Cases of HIV are increasing in Mexico: urgency in prevention and effective treatment"

In Mexico, the situation regarding HIV remains a major concern and, at the same time, a focal point in public health. Every half hour, a new case of HIV is diagnosed, an alarming statistic that highlights the urgency for appropriate prevention and treatment measures. At the Fray Antonio Alcalde Civil Hospital in Guadalajara, there has been a significant increase in care for vulnerable groups, including pregnant women, transgender individuals, and youth under 24 years old, who are at the center of health initiatives in this context. The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) attacks an individual's immune system, which can lead to severe health conditions and, in its most advanced stage, to Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). This process jeopardizes the lives of those carrying the virus, making early detection and treatment vital for the well-being of patients. Prevention plays a critical role in this scenario, as HIV is primarily transmitted through bodily fluids, and not through everyday contact, which challenges the myths surrounding this disease. Luz Alicia González Hernández, the head of the HIV Unit at the Guadalajara Civil Hospital, confirmed that currently more than four thousand patients are receiving treatment at this institution. This data reveals the magnitude of the problem and the need for a health system capable of addressing the needs of this diverse group. González Hernández emphasized that the hospital's approach is to personalize treatment, ensuring that each patient receives the care they need according to their particular situation. One of the most significant advances in the fight against HIV is the availability of Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP). This strategy, which involves taking a daily pill, has proven effective in reducing the risk of acquiring the virus. This option is especially relevant for those at higher risk of exposure to HIV, including individuals who have had unprotected sex or who have shared needles. It is essential for all pregnant women to request HIV testing, and in the case of a positive diagnosis, to begin treatment immediately. Early detection can prevent the transmission of the virus to the fetus, which is crucial for reducing the risk of complications during pregnancy. Each positive diagnosis in pregnant women poses a challenge but also an opportunity to act and protect the newborn. Researcher Carlo Valentino García y Nuño, who works in the HIV unit at HCG, highlighted that the number of pregnant women and transgender individuals receiving care is significant, underscoring the need for health policies that specifically address these populations. García y Nuño also mentioned that modern treatments are effective and tailored to the needs of special populations, including pregnant women and youth. Regarding the transmission of HIV during pregnancy, the risks are palpable. If the virus is detected in a timely manner, the risk of transmission to the newborn can be reduced by 50 percent. However, this depends on timely diagnosis and proper follow-up during pregnancy. The three critical stages where transmission can occur are during pregnancy, childbirth, and breastfeeding, making each intervention key to the baby's well-being. The stigmatization of HIV remains a significant obstacle. The lack of information and the spread of erroneous myths create fear and distrust in the population, discouraging individuals from seeking testing or treatment. It is imperative that educational campaigns about HIV are carried out to demystify the disease and foster an environment of acceptance and support. In conclusion, HIV continues to be a significant challenge in Mexico, where early detection and appropriate treatment are fundamental to curbing its spread. Attention to vulnerable groups, the availability of prevention options like PrEP, and education about the disease are essential steps to improve public health in the country. Each positive diagnosis should be viewed as an opportunity to enhance patients' lives and ensure a healthier future for all. The fight against HIV is a collective responsibility that requires the attention of all sectors of society.